“We’re going from a period of three years where we saw growth of about 1 billion WiFi-enabled devices to, say, five years where you’re seeing a growth of about 7 billion,” Kozup [pictured] says. “Apple has led the pack by really delivering a mobile browsing experience that consumes bandwidth at data rates obviously better suited to a WiFi network.”
Flash back to a few years ago, and you’d be hard pressed to find employees carrying more than one mobile device. Now they’ll have a smartphone, laptop and maybe even a handheld barcode scanner or other wireless device. WiFi devices also have taken on a greater role in the workplace. “They are demanding mission-critical performance,” Kozup says.
Kozup figures 80 per cent of Cisco’s customers have some work to do to get their WiFi networks in shape, while 20 per cent of customer networks are pretty solid.
Organizations in higher education and healthcare tend to rely heavily on their WiFi networks and thus are fairly well-prepared for the mobile enterprise invasion. The iPad and other WiFi devices have also found a foothold inside hospitals, which isn’t a surprise given the inherent mobility of nurses and doctors.
On the flip side, Kozup says, financial services tend to be laggards when it comes to WiFi network upgrades to the latest and greatest technologies. That’s because concerns over WiFi security had kept technology adoption at bay. Traditionally slow technology adopters such as energy and utilities also need to make WiFi upgrades, Kozup says.
So what should a CIO do to shore up the WiFi network? Cisco tells customers to concentrate on six critical areas:
1. Fill Coverage Holes
In the early days of WiFi, CIOs often put in an access point in hotspot areas such as the conference room. Nowadays employees move around and congregate in different places such as cubicles. They are constantly collaborating and thus need to have reliable access to the network. “You don’t want a network that works great in the break room but loses signal in the corner of the building,” Kozup says.
Cisco’s advice: Configure 2.4 GHz for 20 MHz and three non-overlapping channels. Some organizations have proposed changing the 2.4 GHz configuration to support one 40 MHz channel and one 20 MHz channel. But having three non-overlapping 20 MHz channels provides greater flexibility for access point placement and WLAN design than one 40 MHz channel and one 20 MHz channel. This configuration helps enterprise wireless deployments optimize wireless capacity and coverage.
2. Eliminate Weak Signals
Older devices — namely, those that don’t support the latest wireless standard, 802.11n — have a harder time hearing the signal from the access point, says Kozup. The result: poor coverage.
Cisco’s advice: Utilize radio-frequency beam forming technology to focus the signal strength toward older 802.11a/g clients whenever they come on the network.
3. Disable Really Old Technology
Let’s face it, sometimes really old technology just needs to be turned off. Devices that support the first wireless standard, 802.11b, are just too slow and drag down overall performance.
Cisco’s advice: Because most 802.11b only clients are being phased out in favor of 802.11g or 802.11a/g/n devices, Cisco recommends that organizations disable the lower 2.4 GHz data rates on the WLAN (such as 1 and 2 Mbps).
4. Go with the Higher Frequency
WiFi operates in two unlicensed frequencies, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Most devices, including the iPad, are dual-band clients that can operate in either frequency. “The fact of the matter is that the 5 GHz frequency is much cleaner, much more space than the 2.4 GHz,” says Kozup, “so we want to make sure those iPads are connecting as frequently as possible into the 5 GHz frequency.”
The problem is that dual-band devices tend to connect into the 2.4 GHz. Cisco has come out with a product called BandSelect that automatically gets dual-band devices to use the 5 GHz frequency.
Cisco’s advice: Because 5 GHz has eight times the spectrum of 2.4 GHz, and it is usually less congested, Cisco BandSelect helps make sure that clients that can use the 5 GHz bands do so. This helps free up 2.4 GHz in mixed client environments.
5. Secure Mobile Devices
Are iPhones, iPads, Androids, and other mobile devices secure enough for the enterprise? They can be, says Kozup, as long as they are properly configured with the right authentication protocols.
Cisco’s advice: Certain mobile devices support a variety of 802.1x authentication methods for enterprise environments. WiFi networks are automatically displayed by each device or can be located under the WiFi settings profiles. The correct 802.1x method is automatically selected for each wireless SSID or it can be manually chosen at Settings > WiFi > Security.
If no digital certificate is required, users simply enter their user ID and password in order to gain secure access to the enterprise wireless network. If the organization’s authentication method requires digital certificates, configuration profiles can be created by IT and sent to mobile device users.
6. Clean up the Air Space
If you’re experiencing poor performance with the WiFi network, it could mean that you need to clean up the airspace. Microwave ovens, cordless telephones, Bluetooth devices, wireless speakers, baby monitors, and garage door openers can be cluttering one of the frequencies, Kozup says.
Cisco’s advice: Cisco has a spectrum analysis tool called CleanAir that detects and automatically mitigates wireless radio frequency interference by configuring the wireless network around the interference source so that devices can communicate in a clean spectrum with the access point.