FRAMINGHAM, Mass. — Adobe Systems Inc. has patched 17 critical vulnerabilities in Reader and Acrobat, including one that hackers have been using for nearly a month to commandeer PCs.
Another patch issued Tuesday fixed a design flaw in the PDF format that attackers have been exploiting since April to dupe users into downloading a Trojan horse.
Adobe rushed the security update, which was originally slated to ship July 13, because exploit code went public and attacks using rigged PDF documents started showing on antivirus vendors’ reporting systems four weeks ago. The company patched Flash — hackers were tricking people into visiting malicious sites, then using the same bug to launch drive-by attacks — on June 10.
Sixteen of the 17 fixed flaws were labeled with the phrase “could lead to code execution” in Adobe’s advisory , the company’s way of saying that the bug was critical and could be used to hijack machines. Like Apple , and unlike Microsoft , Adobe doesn’t rate the severity of the vulnerabilities it patches. The seventeenth patch was also likely critical: “Arbitrary code execution has not been demonstrated, but may be possible,” the advisory read.
Another fix addressed a design problem in the PDF document format that could be leveraged to con users into downloading malware. The bug, which was not strictly a security vulnerability, was first disclosed by Belgium researcher Didier Stevens in late March. Stevens demonstrated how a multi-stage attack using the PDF specification’s “/Launch” function could successfully exploit a fully-patched copy of Adobe Reader. Stevens also showed how a Reader warning could be changed to further fool users.
Hackers have been using Stevens’ technique in mass attacks to infect Windows PCs with bot Trojans.
With the updates to versions 9.3.3 and 8.2.3, Adobe changed Reader and Acrobat so that the /Launch function was disabled by default — in earlier editions it had been turned on — and fixed the bug in the warning dialog so hackers couldn’t modify it. “Today’s update includes changes to resolve the misuse of this command,” said Steve Gottwals, an Adobe group product manager, on a company blog . “We added functionality to block any attempts to launch an executable or other harmful objects by default. We also altered the way the existing warning dialog works to thwart the known social engineering attacks.”
Stevens confirmed the fixes in a post to his blog Tuesday. “Not only is the dialog box fixed, but the /Launch action is also disabled by default,” he said.
Five of the 17 bugs were reported by Tavis Ormandy, the Google security engineer who was at the center of a brouhaha earlier this month after he publicly disclosed a vulnerability in Windows when Microsoft Corp. wouldn’t commit to a patching deadline.
Ormandy applauded Adobe’s quick response in a Twitter message, comparing it to his experience with Microsoft. “I take back anything bad I’ve ever said about Adobe security, it’s been a pleasure working with them,” said Ormandy Tuesday. “Microsoft could learn from those guys.”
Stevens echoed Ormandy’s take. “Yup, agree and confirm, PSIRT [Adobe’s Product Security Incident Response Team] people are nice to work with,” he said on Twitter .
Other Reader bugs were reported by Nicolas Joly of the French firm Vulpen Security (four vulnerabilities), Microsoft’s security group (one vulnerability) and Danish bug tracking company Secunia (two vulnerabilities).
Some security researchers have blasted Ormandy for going public with the Microsoft vulnerability while letting other vendors — such as Adobe — work on fixes for bugs he’s reported and kept private.
“What we have is a guy who discloses responsibly when he feels like it, (i.e. it’s a company he likes or it’s too small to get him any publicity), but irresponsibly discloses when it’s a company he doesn’t like (or is big enough to gain him wide publicity),” argued Mary Landesman , a ScanSafe senior security researcher, in a blog two weeks ago.
Ormandy has said he took the Windows vulnerability and his exploit code public when negotiations with Microsoft over a patch deadline broke down five days after he reported the bug. Microsoft has promised a fix, but has not committed to a patch date.
Hackers are currently exploiting the flaw .
Adobe Reader and Acrobat for Windows, Mac and Linux can be downloaded using the links included in Tuesday’s advisory. Alternately, users can use the programs’ built-in update mechanism to grab the new versions.
In April, Adobe activated an automatic update mechanism included with recent versions of Reader and Acrobat. Users must manually switch on the automatic updating, however.
